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This study is entitled The Challenge of Shadow Education. The word Challenge has been chosen for two reasons. First, it is argued, the existence of shadow education is a challenge to mainstream school systems. The shadow sector exposes shortcomings...

Fréquemment dénoncée, fortement médiatisée, la tricherie scolaire semble avoir connu un tournant majeur avec les "fuites" au baccalauréat S en 2011. Alors même que les sanctions "officielles", celles qui sont prononcées par les conseils ou les...

This cross-national study assesses the character and frequency of private informal payments made by families on behalf of their children attending primary and secondary schools in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Moldova, Slovakia, and...

The main purpose of this survey was to allow interested members of the assessment network to gather information about the understanding of and the attitudes towards their centralized examination systems and current reforms in this area. The survey...

Le Code Soleil dénommé aussi Le livre des Instituteurs a formé en Ecoles normales des milliers d'instituteurs du XXeme siècle. Ce code expose les principes essentiels qui doivent guider l'instituteur dans l'exercice de sa fonction. Que doit faire...

The Education Support Program (ESP) has published Education in a Hidden Marketplace: Monitoring of Private Tutoring, the result of the Monitoring Private Tutoring Project, initiated by ESP in close cooperation with the Network of Education Policy...

This book presents an international review of initiatives aimed at improving transparency and accountability in the management of education in a variety of domains, including: education financing, teacher appointment and transfer, teacher conduct...