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This study is entitled The Challenge of Shadow Education. The word Challenge has been chosen for two reasons. First, it is argued, the existence of shadow education is a challenge to mainstream school systems. The shadow sector exposes shortcomings...

Este livro apresenta as conclusões da pesquisa conduzida pelo IIPE no campo da ética e da corrupção em educação. Tem como base todas as atividades realizadas com marco de referência incluindo uma oficina preparatória, visitas de estudo, seminário...

Recent surveys suggest that leakage of funds from ministries of education to schools represent more than 80 per cent of the total sums allocated for non salary expenditures in some countries; bribes and payoffs in teacher recruitment and promotion...

This article examines the fight against corruption in universities in Georgia, focusing particularly on admissions, arguably the most corrupt area in the Georgian higher education. It touches upon the problem of private tutoring and bribing, as well...

Public examinations in developing countries play a critical role in the selection of students for participation in the educational system. The exams dictate what is taught, how it is taught, and what is and is not learned. They are academic, have...