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After the collapse of communism a problematic development took place in nearly all former Soviet states. As a consequence of social uncertainties as well as weak and unstructured formal institutional settings that existed, during the transition...

This is the draft final report of the comparative analysis of National Testing Centres in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, with the recommendations for Tajikistan. The analysis was prepared with the participation of four country experts who...

Advocacy and monitoring campaigns conducted by strong and capable civil society and mass media organizations can keep anticorruption issues high on the public agenda and can exert considerable pressure on government to implement transparency and...

This article argues that corruption is used on a systematic basis as a mechanism of direct and indirect administrative control from the state level down to local authorities and administrations of public and private institutions of higher education...

At least thirty percent of Ukrainians enter colleges by paying bribes while many others use their connections with the faculty and administration. Corruption increases inequalities in access to higher education, prevents future economic growth in the...

In the former communist countries, education could become the key element for combating corrupt behaviour and promoting integrity and ethics. Possible strategies include establishing clear and transparent systems of budgeting, auditing, examination...

The main purpose of this survey was to allow interested members of the assessment network to gather information about the understanding of and the attitudes towards their centralized examination systems and current reforms in this area. The survey...