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This article examines some factors that may determine the different outcomes of decentralization and, in particular, factors that are important when reforms manage to improve democratic and governance performance in spite of a hostile or harsh...

Presented during 10th International Anti-Corruption Conference at a workshop on "Attacking corruption in education systems: what is it doing to our young?", this paper focuses on five typical occurrences of corruption: (i) absenteeism, where teachers...

Public expenditure tracking surveys (PETS) allow policy makers to diagnose how incentives and accountability systems are working in practice and how they can be improved. Among the results provided by PETS are estimates of leakage, data on the...

This paper investigates the correlates of student performance in mathematics and dictation tests among schoolchildren in Indonesia. This is the first such study to use a new nationally representative sample of Indonesian primary-school students. Our...

Recent studies on education service delivery, including the World Development Report 2004 published by the World Bank, have begun to focus on the problem of teacher absenteeism. This report provides an overview of the results of a survey on primary...

This study represents the first systematic examination of the issue of teacher absence in Bangladesh. The objectives of this study are to: (a) document and characterize the extent of teacher absence in primary and secondary schools; (b) understand...

25% of teachers were absent from school, and only about half were teaching, during unannounced visits to a nationally representative sample of government primary schools in India. Absence rates varied from 15% in Maharashtra to 42% in Jharkhand, with...