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Cross-lingual tests are assessment instruments created in one language and adapted for use with another language group. Practitioners and researchers use cross-lingual tests for various descriptive, analytical and selection purposes both in...

This book outlines the strategy of the World Bank to guide its work with Europe and Central Asia (ECA) clients in education. In the early stages of the transition, it was felt that education could be safely ignored, because the region faced...

The 2006 Global corruption report focuses on corruption and health. It includes expert reports on: the risks of corruption in different health care systems; the scale of the problem: from high-level corruption in Costa Rica to counterfeit medicines...

This paper looks at academic fraud in higher education and the means by which it can be addressed for quality assurance. It starts by examining academic fraud today, focusing on the new forms of academic fraud in accreditation and certification...

This is the draft final report of the comparative analysis of National Testing Centres in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, with the recommendations for Tajikistan. The analysis was prepared with the participation of four country experts who...

These reports are a review six countries' legal and institutional framework for fighting corruption, in accordance with the framework provided by the Anti-Corruption Network for Transition Economies, based at the OECD. The review examines: national...

How best to combat coruption? Who should take action?What form should the fight take? This research contributes to a better understanding of corruption control - specifically street-level corruption in weak states - by examining teacher corruption in...