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This literature review provides a quantitative and qualitative assessment of existing, mostly published academic work on decentralisation and related problems of corruption. It covers mainly research within social anthropology, economics, law, and...

NGOs, development organizations, and governments alike now universally refer to corruption - no longer a taboo subject - as a developmental problem. As the awareness-raising phase of the 1990s subsides, the focus is shifting to implementation of...

25% of teachers were absent from school, and only about half were teaching, during unannounced visits to a nationally representative sample of government primary schools in India. Absence rates varied from 15% in Maharashtra to 42% in Jharkhand, with...

What are the most effective ways to increase primary school enrolment and student learning? This paper argues that innovations in governance of social services may yield the highest return since social service delivery in developing countries is...

This toolkit helps locate where the constraints are identifying the degree to which they arise from problems within the service-providing agencies, or from difficulties at other provincial or national levels. It diagnoses the nature of the...