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Education is commonly thought to be a haven for the young. No matter how unstable the polity, no matter how dismal the prospects for the economy, education investments are often treated as sacrosanct. This is one reason for the popularity of...

This toolkit follows the transfer of public funds from central to local governments until they reach users such as schools and clinics. It explains how a public expenditure tracking system operates and how it can benefit marginalized groups. With...

Over the last decade, budget work, or applied budget analysis, has become increasingly recognised as an important tool for holding governments and non-state actors accountable for their policy commitments, budget allocations and expenditure...

This self learning course aims to enable citizens and institutions to carry out a Citizens Report Card (CRC). The CRC methodology involves collecting and using feedback on public services to help make improvements in service delivery. The 10 modules...

Corruption was symptomatic of business and government interactions in Russia and other countries of the former Soviet Union before and during the economic transition of the 1990s. Corruption is difficult to quantify, but the perception of corruption...

The Education Support Program (ESP) has published Education in a Hidden Marketplace: Monitoring of Private Tutoring, the result of the Monitoring Private Tutoring Project, initiated by ESP in close cooperation with the Network of Education Policy...

This resource book distills seven years of Government Watch’s experience in monitoring government agencies. In those seven years, G-Watch monitored the Departments of Health, Social Welfare and Development, Education, Public Works and Highways, and...

What are the most effective ways to increase primary school enrolment and student learning? This paper argues that innovations in governance of social services may yield the highest return since social service delivery in developing countries is...

This toolkit helps locate where the constraints are identifying the degree to which they arise from problems within the service-providing agencies, or from difficulties at other provincial or national levels. It diagnoses the nature of the...

25% of teachers were absent from school, and only about half were teaching, during unannounced visits to a nationally representative sample of government primary schools in India. Absence rates varied from 15% in Maharashtra to 42% in Jharkhand, with...