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This report speaks to the holistic nature of the development process, a process that should not only encourage all stakeholders to participate in the process but also directly engage them. This volume posits that such participation must be guided by...

Este estudo examina o controle social na educação básica pública e analisa a atuação do Estado brasileiro para exercê-lo sobre a população e os instrumentos dessa mesma populaç¦o para controlar esse Estado, em uma sociedade de classes marcada pelas...

At least thirty percent of Ukrainians enter colleges by paying bribes while many others use their connections with the faculty and administration. Corruption increases inequalities in access to higher education, prevents future economic growth in the...

The secondary schools bursary scheme was introduced by the Government in the 1993/1994 financial year to enhance access, ensure retention, and reduce disparities and inequalities in the provision of secondary school education. In particular, the...

Subsequent to the end of the communist system in 1990, Mongolia has established a democratic regime, and has been assessed as being relatively well governed. However, more recently, corruption has been worsening, despite the continuation of a...

This paper presents an argument called the inequality trap namely how high inequality leads to low trust in groups and then to high levels of corruption, and back to higher levels of corruption. It presents an analysis for Africa using Afrobarometer...

This paper examines financial aspects of accountability for the use of public funds, that is, fiscal accountability. It explains the growing demand for fiscal accountability, answers the who, for what, to whom and how questions, describes the move...

Private supplementary tutoring has long been a major phenomenon in some parts of East Asia, particularly Japan, the Republic of Korea and Taiwan. In recent decades it has grown significantly in both industrialized and less developed societies. This...