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For poor people at village level, petty corruption involving a payment of as little as $10 for a free medical service can have devastating effects on their lives. What makes the situation even worse is that most of the people who are faced with...

The paper promotes an anti-corruption strategy that rests on economic development, democratic reform, strong civil society and the presence of rule of law. Based on these principles, the authors recommend concrete measures to be implemented at the...

The GTZ code of conduct comprises rules on how to deal with conflicts of interest and to avoid corruption. The message it sends out is that rather than seeing corruption as a necessary evil or a by product of work processes, there must be a strong...

This paper examines the high incidence of corruption in Lithuanian schools. In January 2001, an article was published in a prominent Lithuanian newspaper exposing bribery at the Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education. The case received media...

Corruption ranks, together with effective democratic representation, as the most important problem facing local governments. The challenge facing local governments is to develop innovative ways of building effective, accountable, and transparent...

Not so long ago, bribing public officials in foreign countries to obtain business deals was, if not an acceptable, at least a tolerated business practice in many OECD countries. In the new millenium, the OECD and associated governments, which account...

This report puts into motion a chain of events that fundamentally reformed the way the Bank thinks about, and acts against, corruption. In its first part, it thus details the progress that the Bank has made building each of the four pillars of its...

Corruption is seen as counter-productive to the needed economic and political reforms, accountability, transparency and good governance. This paper aims at classifying the various forms of corruption in order to operationalise the concept for...

A recent World Bank programme in Campo Elias, Venezuela, used an innovative and effective approach to build participatory institutional frameworks and to apply best practices in public policy making. As a result, corruption has fallen and services...

Increased concern about decline of confidence in government and corruption has prompted governments to review their approaches to ethical conduct. In response to this challenge, the Public Management Committee agreed to a set of Principles for...