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Data that can be used to inform policy decisions are typically scarce in low-income countries, where standard policy prescriptions are less likely to apply. But if strategically designed, a survey can help induce policy change by pointing directly to...

This paper presents the results of a survey led on incentives and structures of African bureaucracies. The authors start by studying the evidence on bureaucratic structure across Africa. They find quite large differences in structure and performance...

The key to reduced poverty is an integrated approach to development, addressing quality growth, environment, education, health and governance. This paper argues that government, as the key determinant of a county's domestic and international...

Asked if they like primary school, the children who manage to get there usually say "yes". But their eyes darken as they start to talk about the "daily demand for money for invisible things" in exchange for an education.CIET social audits of Primary...

In this chapter, Reinikka demonstrates that increasing public access to information has reduced inefficiency and corruption in Uganda. The survey from which her conclusions are drawn shows that budget allocations matter little when institutions are...

The 2001 Global corruption report concentrates on events in the period July 2000 to June 2001. It is based on Transparency International's definition of corruption as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain. This includes both public and...

Using panel data from a unique survey of public primary schools in Uganda, Reinikka and Svensson assess the degree of leakage of public funds in education. The survey data reveal that on average, during the period 1991-95, schools received only 13...

This paper describes and analyses the results of an innovative survey tool to gauge the extent to which public resources actually filter down to the intended end-user. It focuses on one of the key public programs in education in Uganda, a per student...

This paper demonstrates that with appropriate survey methods and interview techniques, it is possible to collect quantitative micro-level data on corruption. Public expenditure tracking surveys, service provider surveys, and enterprise surveys are...