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The practice whereby some public money is illicitly diverted for private gain is present to some degree in all societies. Developing countries' particular circumstances - rapid economic and social change, strong kinship and ethnic ties, new...

This paper sets out a framework within which the problem of corruption may be analysed in any specific country. Firstly, it considers the investigation of the determinants of corruption, emphasising the environment in which corruption evolves - and...

In 1998, the World Bank undertook a mission to Malawi, at the request of its President, to examine ways to support its Government's program to improve economic governance and to reduce corruption. The mission's objectives were to assess the scope and...

Corruption in customs administration is a major problem in many African countries. Data from the period 1990-96 are used to examine several hypotheses concerning the determinants of customs fraud in Senegal and Mali. Statistical tests using product...

This report centers on a multi-disciplinary World Bank mission to Ethiopia in 1997, at the request of the Government of Ethiopia, to examine ways to support the Government's program to improve economic governance and to combat corruption. The mission...

Data that can be used to inform policy decisions are typically scarce in low-income countries, where standard policy prescriptions are less likely to apply. But if strategically designed, a survey can help induce policy change by pointing directly to...

This paper presents the results of a survey led on incentives and structures of African bureaucracies. The authors start by studying the evidence on bureaucratic structure across Africa. They find quite large differences in structure and performance...

The Chr. Michelsen Institute and the Norwegian Institute of Foreign Affairs in collaboration with the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD), organised a workshop on corruption research in Oslo, October 2000. The workshop aimed to...

This document provides an overview of UNDP's action in the area of anti-corruption, whose main goal is to facilitate civil society and the private sector involvement in policy development and in public sector management so as to improve transparency...

This Declaration recalls resolution 50/225 of the United Nations General Assembly on "Public Administration and Development" adopted at its Resumed 50th Session, reaffirming the need to strengthen national public administrations in order to promote...