The Zimbabwe Women Against Corruption Trust Director urged the government to improve the working conditions and remunerations for teachers and investigate on the issue of extra lessons. Teachers in public schools are asking money for in-class extra lessons from students, which is fuelling discrimination against other learners. Those who cannot afford to pay are deprived of equal access to quality education.

The African Union report shows that at least 57 percent of people who make contact with schools in Malawi pay bribes. Informal payments threaten children’s rights and welfare. For example, informal charges by teachers for teaching, and for additional items such as school meals, books, uniforms or exams can drive poorer students in particular to miss school. In addition, the acquisition of fake or fraudulent qualifications affect the learning outcomes of children.

Private supplementary tutoring in pre-university education is defined as tutoring in academic subjects provided by tutors for financial gain in addition to the provision of mainstream schooling. A researcher from Lehigh University raises concerns about private tutoring and provides examples of situations where it is not used to complement mainstream schooling but instead replaces it.