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Government stakeholders in the Central Asian countries have largely acknowledged the existence of significant corruption risks – including bribery, embezzlement and bid rigging – in their secondary and tertiary education systems. These undermine the...

Cross-lingual tests are assessment instruments created in one language and adapted for use with another language group. Practitioners and researchers use cross-lingual tests for various descriptive, analytical and selection purposes both in...

This is the draft final report of the comparative analysis of National Testing Centres in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, with the recommendations for Tajikistan. The analysis was prepared with the participation of four country experts who...

This book focuses on private tutoring in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Through international comparison and national case studies, it examines the ways in which not only private tutoring but also mainstream school systems have changed during...

How best to combat coruption? Who should take action?What form should the fight take? This research contributes to a better understanding of corruption control - specifically street-level corruption in weak states - by examining teacher corruption in...

Corruption in public procurement has become a major issue in the Asia-Pacific region as elsewhere in the world. As a result of corruption, private mansions are being built instead of bridges; swimming pools are dug instead of irrigation systems...

Corruption was symptomatic of business and government interactions in Russia and other countries of the former Soviet Union before and during the economic transition of the 1990s. Corruption is difficult to quantify, but the perception of corruption...

Universities may contribute to a nation's social cohesion through both direct and indirect means. In their syllabi they may include techniques necessary for understanding complex social problems. Faculty may model good behaviour in terms of listening...

These reports are a review six countries' legal and institutional framework for fighting corruption, in accordance with the framework provided by the Anti-Corruption Network for Transition Economies, based at the OECD. The review examines: national...