In the media

Ghana. Kazakhstan. Poland: In many countries, teachers must bribe their way into teacher-training college. Some then collect their salaries and do not actually teach; when they do, they demand bribes for students to pass exams. "Textbook racket" is also a common practice.

Counterfeiters are reportedly finding ways to foil China's new electronic registration system for university diplomas. According to government statistics, 600,000 fake diplomas are circulating in China, although many officials suspect that the actual number is much higher.

A confidential list of students admitted to the prestigious Shanghai Communications University, along with information about their qualifications and the influential people who pushed for their admission, has been circulating on the Internet in China. The leaked list has renewed public debate over allegations of corruption in university admissions.

Israel grants government workers 10 to 20% pay increases for every advanced degree they earn; and as a result, dozens of civil servants, including top education officials, have been put under investigation for obtaining fake degrees.

The Russian Federation will begin testing a system of state examinations this year, similar in format to the SAT in the United States and aimed at reducing corruption and creating equitable access to higher education. A single test is planned to be instituted nationwide in 2004.

Feeding schemes in our primary schools were implemented from 1994 as part of the Reconstruction and Development Programme. The main aim of the feeding schemes was to ensure that the basic nutritional needs of millions of malnourished South African children living in poverty were met. Meanwhile school feeding schemes that offer many of these children the only meal of their day are being threatened by bureaucratic inefficiencies and corrupt practises on the part of independent suppliers.

The auditor-general is investigating the financial office of the provincial government of the Eastern Cape, which gets $827,000 a year from the federal government for a scholarship fund that is supposed to benefit 650 to 700 students from the impoverished province. At least some of the scholarships have gone unpaid as far back as 1997.

Plans for a national body to tackle research fraud have been published by doctors and scientists concerned that foul play is undermining the good name of science. The Committee on Publication Ethics (Cope) agreed at a meeting in October that concerted action was needed.

At the request of the Committee on Science and Education, several higher education institutions have been charged for forcing students to attend political meetings. School officials are thus accused of promising to pass students in return for their participation.

At a Congressional hearing in April, the department's inspector general revealed that the agency has lost track of at least $450-million in the past three years. Much of the money was lost in duplicate payments to grant recipients, states, and contractors. But some of it, she said, was stolen or improperly spent by department employees and contractors.