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The Ethiopian Ministry of Education is considering the digitalisation of school-leaving and university exit exams to counter corruption and cheating in the sector. But a national strategy is necessary to address challenges associated with a digital exam, such as the availability of infrastructure and IT facilities as well as security needs.

Of the one million students who sat for the national school-leaving exams, only 3.3% managed to achieve the 50% pass mark. The results revealed the multiple challenges that the education sector has long faced: increasing politicisation of the system that undermines meritocracy, corrupt and unethical practices to move students to the next level without the necessary preparation. Schools, teachers and headmasters, regional authorities and politicians have been involved in malpractice.

A significant number of faculty members are being accused of securing their academic promotions through predatory publications and other sub-standard means. To combat this unethical practice, the Ethiopian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MoSHE) issued a new Harmonised Standard for Academic Staff Promotion in Public Universities in October 2020. The MoSHE says the safest way to avoid predatory publications is for academics to submit manuscripts to peer-reviewed journals indexed by databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed.