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In Europe and Central Asia, the radical shift in economic and political systems that occurred in most countries after 1900 made existing forms of corruption more visible and opened opportunities for new forms of corrupt practices. Fostering...

This article provides an overview of anti-corruption efforts in countries from Southeast Asia. Areas covered include: the influence of the economy, the nature and impact of the private sector; civil society, national effort to combat corruption as...

This report presents the finding of a diagnostic study of corruption in Slovakia prepared at the request of the Government of the Slovak Republic by the World Bank and USAID. For the study, the survey research firm "Focus" was selected in a tender to...

There is widespread consensus that development assistance works best when it is targeted towards countries with relatively sound and/or improving policies and institutions. Recognizing this, bilateral and multilateral donors are increasingly trying...

This presentation of the Utstein anti-corruption policies is based on a study of available documentation, and seeks to present policies and strategies in a comparative framework. The presentation, however, does not review progress in terms of the...

This paper summarizes some of the recent initiatives to enhance public accountability in India. These are divided into two categories: initiatives from the government and those that emanated primarily from civil society. Notable among the government...

This paper provides guidance to DFID staff on how the public expenditure management elements of fiduciary risks should be assessed and managed where DFID provides funds directly to recipient governments to be spent as part of their budgets (direct...

This DFID policy paper investigates the causes and effects of corruption on the development process and proposes a holistic global strategy for combating corruption involving action in a number of area. These include: supporting poorer states...

Using panel data from a unique survey of public primary schools in Uganda, Reinikka and Svensson assess the degree of leakage of public funds in education. The survey data reveal that on average, during the period 1991-95, schools received only 13...

The 2001 Global corruption report concentrates on events in the period July 2000 to June 2001. It is based on Transparency International's definition of corruption as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain. This includes both public and...