In the media

A survey of 125 university librarians across the US has discovered differing opinions on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education. Looking into the ethics of AI use, the report said that 8% of librarians stated a definitive ‘yes’ when asked if they believe it is cheating if students use AI products for research, while 42% felt this to be somewhat true. Major concerns include cheating, eliminating or reducing critical thinking and originality, and replacing human jobs.

The Ethiopian Ministry of Education is considering the digitalisation of school-leaving and university exit exams to counter corruption and cheating in the sector. But a national strategy is necessary to address challenges associated with a digital exam, such as the availability of infrastructure and IT facilities as well as security needs.

Questions about using artificial intelligence go further than cheating on exams or generating text for scientific articles. They concern academic values the integrity of academic work, but also the exploration of the changing relationship between humans and machines. A recent statement by the European University Association, ChatGPT raises issues for universities in terms of updating policies to accommodate such tools while preserving recognition of course work and authentic assessment.

According to the head of the Observatory for Higher Education and Scientific Research, there has been an increase in exam cheating by students using mobile phones, lesson notes, or documents prepared for cheating, along with writing on the tables or even on the walls of the exam halls. Some observers instead of writing reports about cheating in exams are rather facilitating it. This can be attributed to a lack of resources and motivation that affects quality teaching along with a culture in which cheating has become normalized.

Many job seekers try to secure a place by cheating in exams, including buying exam papers or paying someone else to take the test on their behalf. Police stopped a bus in Udaipur that was on its way to an examination centre which was carrying teachers and candidates. Four government schoolteachers were found solving questions for at least 20 candidates. 48 people have been arrested and the examination process cancelled. Since 2018, at least 12 recruitment drives have been cancelled in the state after the test was leaked.

Questions about cheating are raised over the abnormal growth curve in exam results. 173,000 high school students have been admitted to universities at C+ level and above in 2022 compared to 145 in 2021 in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations. This implies that 6,300 students exceed the 167,046 places available in public and private universities in 2021.

An investigation in Tanzania reveals a rising number of bureaus and individuals who make their living by writing dissertations and research reports for postgraduates and undergraduates. This form of academic dishonesty is widespread among postgraduate students, most of whom are employed in the public as well as private sectors.

The West African Examinations Council (WAEC) sanctioned 13 Secondary Schools in Gombe State over cases of examination malpractice. From 2018 to 2020, seven public secondary schools were found to be involved in exam malpractice. In 2022, the Ministry received a fresh set of six schools that committed the same offence, and they were also de-recognised with a penalty of N500,000 per school payable to WAEC. According to WAEC director, the threat of examination malpractice had a negative impact on students' performance in the Senior Secondary Certificate Examinations result: with an overall average of 55.6% in 2022 compared to 79.5 per cent in 2021.

The central figure in the scam in which wealthy parents paid huge sums to cheat on standardised tests has been sentenced to three and a half years in Federal prison. The mastermind of the sprawling college admissions scam known as Operation Varsity Blues pleaded guilty to racketeering conspiracy, money laundering, and conspiracy

The New York City Department of Education has blocked access to ChatGPT on its networks and devices over fears that the AI tool will harm students’ education. Many teachers say software like ChatGPT essentially makes it impossible to test students’ ability to write essays at home. Although tools to detect AI-generated writing already exist, it’s unclear how accurate they will be, or if students can outwit them with simple alterations to AI-generated text.