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Public examinations in developing countries play a critical role in the selection of students for participation in the educational system. The exams dictate what is taught, how it is taught, and what is and is not learned. They are academic, have...

Private tutoring is an important phenomenon that has arisen in a wide variety of countries and can have significant educational, social, and economic ramifications. However, due to the fact that it is a service provided outside the planning and...

Private supplementary tutoring has long been a major phenomenon in some parts of East Asia, particularly Japan, the Republic of Korea and Taiwan. In recent decades it has grown significantly in both industrialized and less developed societies. This...

In order to tease out the narrative detail behind such overarching issues as corruption, state capacity, public goods, the education sector and political economy in the Thai case, this thesis questions the impact of corrupt transactions on collective...

Recent surveys suggest that leakage of funds from ministries of education to schools represent more than 80 per cent of the total sums allocated for non salary expenditures in some countries; bribes and payoffs in teacher recruitment and promotion...

The Education Support Program (ESP) has published Education in a Hidden Marketplace: Monitoring of Private Tutoring, the result of the Monitoring Private Tutoring Project, initiated by ESP in close cooperation with the Network of Education Policy...

Recent years have brought global expansion of private supplementary tutoring alongside regular school systems. This expansion has far-reaching implications for the nurturing of new generations, for social and economic development, and for the...