The Ministry of Education’s online fraud team identified the student responsible for copying questions from the Thanaweya Amma physics exams and uploading them on social media. On 28 June, the Constitutional and Legislative Affairs Committee of the Egyptian Parliament approved a draft law on combating exam violation that increases penalties for printing, publishing, broadcasting, and promoting exam questions and their answers by any means of communication with the intention of cheating or disturbing the general examination system.

In order to cope with the assessment demands of rapidly growing student numbers, and rising incidents of grade tampering and cheating, many African universities are exploring the option of e-exams. While the traditional systems can go as far as bribe-taking by lecturers, invigilators and supervisors as well as examination leakages, e -exams might not be suitable for testing skills like synthesizing information, understanding evidence, critical problem-solving.

In Algeria the gendarmerie carried out ‘tens of arrests’ for fraud by officials, teachers and heads of some exam centres. Papers had been leaked via social networks, through more than 150 Facebook accounts, which had enabled the police to identify and arrest perpetrators. Meanwhile, 53 people have been arrested in a number of towns in Morocco for their alleged involvement in baccalauréat fraud. The arrests concerned 22 administrators of social network chat pages and sites for facilitating exam paper leaks and answers in return for money