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The phenomenon of extra tuition is witnessed in many countries and some educationalists have described it as a parallel education system. However, the incidence and impact of extra tuition have often not been studied systematically, especially in...

In order to improve governance and reduce corruption in public service delivery (like ghost workers for example...), micro-level data is required to understand the incentives and behaviour of public officials, service providers and clients in order...

This DFID policy paper investigates the causes and effects of corruption on the development process and proposes a holistic global strategy for combating corruption involving action in a number of area. These include: supporting poorer states...

Corruption is a formidable challenge to the public service in Africa. Corruption has not only eroded the public service's established principales such as merit, neutrality, equality, accountability and representativeness but also its legitimacy or...