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In the late 1980s and early 1990s, some 25 countries began their dramatic transformation into market-based economies by liberalizing prices, dismantling the remaining instruments of Soviet-type central planning, and starting fundamental structural...

This book outlines the strategy of the World Bank to guide its work with Europe and Central Asia (ECA) clients in education. In the early stages of the transition, it was felt that education could be safely ignored, because the region faced...

Creation of a State Student Admission Commission has enabled further transparency of the examination process. It based its work on a complete automatization and computerization of the selection of personnel for organising examinations, the grouping...

This paper discusses reasons why national education systems are particularly vulnerable to pervasive corruption, forms that corruption takes within the education sector, and interventions that have been suggested for reducing corruption. It argues...

Corruption is a cause of poverty in developing countries, and a constraint to successful poverty reduction. Working on this premise, this paper explores whether, and if so how, the link between poverty reduction and the fight against corruption is...

De nombreux observateurs ont noté l'existence d'une large corruption dans l'enseignement supérieur des états de l'ex-Union soviétique. Les preuves empiriques de cette situation sont cependant rares. Cet article examine quelques approches théoriques...

This paper looks at academic fraud in higher education and the means by which it can be addressed for quality assurance. It starts by examining academic fraud today, focusing on the new forms of academic fraud in accreditation and certification...