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the past thirty years have seen a rapid expansion of testing, exposing students worldwide to tests that are now, more than ever, standardized and linked to high-stakes outcomes.

Through an analysis of data collected from the PETS-QSDS, this report aims to answer the following policy questions: (a) Does MESVTEE efficiently and effectively allocate its public funding to the areas most in need?

This report presents the major conclusions of the Corruption-Risk Assessment in the Kosovo education sector carried out as part of the Support to Anti-Corruption Efforts in Kosovo project (SAEK, 2013-2016) with the support of UNESCO International Institute for Educati

The chapter focusses on multiple forms of grabbing in the education sector of developing countries, drawing on cases and research she has engaged with while working to support developing countries' education systems.

All societies develop their own norms about what is fair behaviour and what is not. Violations of these norms, including acts of corruption, can collectively be described as forms of `grabbing'.

Corruption in higher education has become an important form of corruption in contemporary China.

Corruption and poor governance are acknowledged as major impediments to realising the right to education and to reaching global development goals.

The Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) looked at four components essential to the strengthening and development of the education sector in Afghanistan: 1) the payment of staff salaries; 2) the availability and use of an operations and maintenance (O&M) budg

This book is about the threats to education quality that cannot be explained by lack of resources.

For schools in Karnali region, approximately 83 school-days are lost each year through absences linked to seasonal events.